SHOGI-RULES
These are the rules of Shogi, as distributed by the SHOGI-L listserver.
THE INTRODUCTION
- THE MOVES
- PROMOTION
- CAPTURING AND DROPPING PIECES
- DRAWS
- OTHER LINKS
THE INTRODUCTION
Shogi is a Japanese board game played by two players.
The object of the game is to capture the opponent's King.
Shogi is played on a nine-by-nine board. The vertical rows are called files,
the horizontal ones ranks or just rows.
Each player has twenty pieces:
one King, two Gold Generals, two Silver Generals, two kNights,
two Lances, one Rook, one Bishop and nine Pawns.
The player moving up the board and making the first move is referred to as
black and his opponent white, although in Shogi sets all pieces have the
same colour.
They are differentiated only in direction: pieces pointing
away from a player are his. The pieces lie flat on the board and have
their Japanese name written on them.
THE MOVES
King- one step in any direction per move
Gold General- one step per move any way except diagnoally backward
- (as a king but not diagonally backward)
Silver General- one step per move forwards or diagonally
- (as a king but not sideways or vertically backward)
Knight- one step to left or right, and two steps forward
- (the only piece which may jump over other pieces)
Rook- moves vertically or horizontally any distance
Bishop- moves diagonally any distance
Lance- moves forward any distance
Pawn- one step forward
Apart from the King and the Gold General all pieces can promote.
After promotion their moves are as follows:
Promoted Silver- all move as a Gold.
Promoted Knight- all move as a Gold.
Promoted Lance- all move as a Gold.
Promoted Pawn- all move as a Gold.
Promoted Rook- in addition to the moves of the unpromoted Rook can move one step in the diagonal directions. It either moves like a Rook or like a King.
Promoted Bishop- in addition to the moves of the unpromoted Bishop can move one step horizontally or vertically. It either moves like a Bishop or like a King.
PROMOTION
The three rows furthest away from a player are called the promotion zone.
Apart from the King and the Gold, any piece can be promoted to a more powerful piece
when it makes a move completely or partly in the promotion zone.
So, when a piece moves into, out of or fully inside the promotion zone it may be promoted
upon completion of its move.
Promotion is optional, provided that the piece still can make a legal move in case it is not promoted: if a Pawn or a Lance
move to the last row, or a Knight moves to either of the last two rows, it must
be promoted.
In Shogi sets promoting a piece is done by turning this pieceupside down.
Its promoted name is written on its other side.
CAPTURING AND DROPPING PIECES
When one piece moves onto the same square as an opponent's piece, the opponent's piece is captured. All pieces capture in the same way that they move.
Captured pieces become part of the capturer's force.
In a later move, instead of moving a piece on the board, a player may put a piece that he has captured from his opponent back onto the board, in an empty square.
This is called dropping a piece.
Pieces are always dropped unpromoted: ifa promoted piece is captured, it reverts to its unpromoted rank.
Pieces may be dropped on any empty square on the board with only three restrictions:
- After dropping a piece it must be able to make a legal move. This applies
to Pawns, Knights or Lances. They may not be dropped onto a square from
which they will never be able to move.
- Attacking the King by dropping a Pawn on the square in front of him is not
allowed if the King cannot prevent being captured on the following move.
To use the Chess expression: checkmating the King with a Pawn drop is
prohibited.
- A pawn may only be dropped on a file (vertical row) if there is no other
unpromoted pawn of the same player on that file.
DRAWS
The game of Shogi has very few draws (roughly 1 percent), mainly because of
the possibility to drop pieces. Draws cannot be offered and can arise from
two situations:
- A position (including the pieces in hand) occurs 4 times with the same
player to move ("Sennichite"). However, if this is caused by consecutive
checks (direct attacks on the King, threatening to capture it on the next
move) by one side, the player giving these checks loses the game.
- Both players have moved their King into the the promotion zone (or they
cannot be prevented to do so) and the Kings cannot be checkmated. In
that case the players may decide to count their pieces where the King does
not count, the Rook and Bishop count as 5 points, and all other pieces as
one point. Promotion is disregarded. If both players have at least 24
points the game is a draw ("Jishogi"). If a player has less, he loses the
game.
Of course, a player can refuse to count pieces when he still has mating
chances or chances to gain material which would affect the outcome of the
counting. There is no strict rule about what to do if this is not the case,
but nonetheless a player refuses to count up (e.g. because he does not have
enough points for a draw). It has been generally accepted that in such a
case the game ends and the pieces are counted after one player has managed
to get all his pieces protected in the promotion zone.
Chris Sterritt and Pieter Stouten, 12-th June 1990.
Last revision 9-th October 1991 - Draws (Jishogi rule).
Modfied to HTML by Hiroyoshi Ogawa (ogawa@toda.ricoh.co.jp) 8-th September 1995
OTHER LINKS
Above articles are a simmple explanation for SHOUGI RULES.
If you want more infomation for SHOGI, you may access these links.
- Pieter Stouten's Shogi Page
- Roger Hare's Shogi Page
- Chris Kmotorka's Shogi Page
- Matt Leonard's Shogi Page
- Volker Zink's Shogi Page
- Japan Window's Shogi Page
Comments and Questions to e-mail : www-shogi@ricoh.co.jp
